Preface
Introduction
Chapter I: Lexical Meaning : Saying Things Directly
I.1. Denotation : Referential Meaning
I.2. Collocation : Collocative Meaning
I.3. Change of Form : Lexical Adjustment
I.4. Associative Meaning
I.5. Lexical Gap
Chapter II: Implicit Meaning : Saying Things Indirectly
II.1. Implicit vs Explicit Information
II.2. Presupposition (I) : Substitution and Ellipsis
II.3. Presupposition (II) : Reference
ChapterIII: Figurative Meaning : Saying Something , Meaning Another
III.1. Metaphor and Smile
III.2. Idioms and Proverbs
III.3. Metonymy , Synecdoche , and Euphemism
Chapter IV: Structure : How to Say Things
IV.1. Basic Sentence Patterns
IV.2. Words , Phrases , and Clauses : Contents of Sentence Patterns
IV.3. The Verb and the Related Elements (I) : The Indicative and Imperative Moods
IV.4. The Verb and the Related Elements (II) : The Hypothetical Mood
References